Research and development

• Technology transfer :Strategic alliances for technology transfer among firms from one country to another are increasing.
• Production development :Strategic planing for new production development is being emphasized.
• Outsourcing :Commissioning R&D activities to firms who can do things better and cheaper is gaining popularity.
• R&D Budget :Allocation of higher amounts of budget for R&D is being done.
• Product developing :Concurrent approach is replacing sequential approach in product development.Products are designed for their total life cycle.

Accounting :strategic development are :

• Computerized accounting system:New and better software are being developed to computerise accounting information system.
• Harmony :International accounting standards are being used to harmonize reporting of accounting information globally.

Purchasing :The strategic development are :

• JIT: Just-in-time purchasing is getting popular.Raw materials and spare parts are delivered just before they are used up.
• Quantitative techniques :Various models are being used to control and mange inventory efficiently.
• Professionalism :Supplies are being regarded as partners to take advantage of each other's expertise for purchasing.Even alliance are formed with competitors for procurement benefits.